IGH, 14q32.33, Green
MYEOV, 11q13.3, Red
The IGH/MYEOV Plus product consists of probes, labelled in green, proximal to the Constant, and within the Variable segment of the IGH region and MYEOV probes, labelled in red. The MYEOV probe mix contains a 155kb probe centromeric to the MYEOV gene, which includes the TPCN2 gene and a second probe, telomeric to the MYEOV gene, covering the 162kb region including the CCND1 and ORAOV1 genes.
The MYEOV (myeloma overexpressed) gene is located at 11q13.3 and IGH (immunoglobulin heavy locus) at 14q32.33.
Approximately 50-60% of multiple myeloma (MM) cases are associated with translocations involving IGH and one of several partners including CCND1, NSD2 (WHSC1) and FGFR3, CCND3, MAF or MAFB1.
The t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation is the most common translocation in MM, where it is seen in approximately 15% of cases2,3.
Unlike mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), where the breakpoints are clustered in a 1kb region that is 120kb centromeric to the CCND1 gene4, the breakpoints in MM cases are dispersed within a 360kb region between CCND1 and MYEOV at 11q135. MYEOV is a putative oncogene, located 360kb centromeric to CCND1, which is thought to be activated in the translocation by becoming closely associated with IGH enhancers. In contrast to IGH rearrangements in other neoplasms, those found in MM have IGH breakpoints predominantly in the C/J region, which, in the case of MYEOV, brings the MYEOV gene under the control of the 3' Eα1 enhancer5. In CCND1 translocations by contrast, the Eμ enhancer controls CCND1 expression. MYEOV overexpression is a possible prognostic factor in MM6.
The t(11;14)(q13;q32) associated with a favourable outcome in most series and therefore is regarded as neutral with regard to prognosis3.
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